來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 作者:中考網(wǎng)整理 2019-05-13 20:01:23
普通平凡的學(xué)生擁有很多智慧, 小編整理了2019 英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)主謂一致內(nèi)容,以供大家參考復(fù)習(xí)。
2019中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)主謂一致
主謂一致即謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上要和主語保持一致,主謂一致包括語法一致、意義一致和就近一致,語法一致即謂語動詞在單 形式上要和主語保持一致,意義一致就是謂語動詞要和主語意義上的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致,就近一致就是謂語動詞要和靠近它的主語部分保持一致。
1、主語和謂語基本保持單復(fù)數(shù)的一致,即:主語是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式:如:
The computer was a great invention.(計算機是個了不起的發(fā)明)
The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)
2、集體名詞(如family,class,team,group,row,police,school等)做句子主語時,
①如果表示整體概念,則謂語用單數(shù)形式,如:
Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班)
②如果表示其中的所有成員時,則謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如:
Class Three have a map of China.(三班有張中國地圖)
3、Chinese,Japanese,fish,sheep,people等表示單個時謂語用單數(shù),表示許多時,謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。如:
There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只綿羊)
There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些綿羊)
4、maths,news等雖然有s結(jié)尾,但不是復(fù)數(shù),因此謂語仍用單數(shù):
The news is very exciting.(這個消息令人興奮)
5、glasses,shoes,socks,trousers,gloves等名詞往往用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。如:
The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(褲子很便宜,我想買)
6、alotof后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)時謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式,跟不可數(shù)名詞時謂語用單數(shù)形式。如:
A lot of students are playing baseball now.(現(xiàn)在有許多學(xué)生在打壘球)
A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的時間花在了那個工作上)(被動句)
7、and連接兩個名詞做主語時,謂語原則上用復(fù)數(shù),但是兩個名詞若構(gòu)成一個整體事物時,謂語則用單數(shù)。如:
The teacher and his son are picking apples now.(老師和他的兒子在摘蘋果)
Fish and chips is very famous food.(魚和薯條是一種出名的食品)
8、therebe句型中be的單 一般由靠近的名詞決定。如:
There is a table and four chairs in the room.(房間里有一張桌子和四張椅子)
9、用both…and…連接兩個事物做主語時,謂語一般用復(fù)數(shù)。如:
Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.(你和我明天要求都來)
10、主語中含有with的短語時,謂語單復(fù)數(shù)由with之前的人物決定。如:
A woman with a 7-year-oldchild was standing at the side of the road.(一名婦女帶著一個七歲的孩子(當(dāng)時)就站在路邊)
11、either…or…或者neither…nor…連接兩個人物做句子主語時,謂語采用就近原則。如:
Either you or he is right.(要么是你對,要么是他對。/你和他有一個人是對的)
Neither you nor I am going there.(你和我都不打算去那里)
12、表示一段時間或 概念的復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語時,謂語一般用單數(shù)。如:
Two months is not as hort time.(兩個月不是個短時間)
Two thous and kilometers is quite a long distance(距離)。(兩千千米是相當(dāng)長的一段距離)
13、主語中含有halfof…/threequartersof…/all(of)the…等詞語時,謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)由名詞確定,如:
Over three quarters of the in for mation on the Internet is in English.(因特網(wǎng)上四分之三以上的信息是用英語寫的)
All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.(這些河流中的水已經(jīng)被污染了)(被動句)
但是,population一詞又有特殊情況:
What's the population of China?(中國人口是多少?)(句子用單數(shù))
Three quarters of the population in this city are Arabs(阿拉伯人)。(這個城市四分之三的人口是阿拉伯人)(句子用復(fù)數(shù))
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